Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

What is the primary use of a specular microscope?

1. To measure corneal curvature

2. To measure corneal endothelial cell density

3. To assess intraocular pressure

4. To evaluate visual acuity

The correct answer is: To measure corneal endothelial cell density

A specular microscope is primarily used to measure corneal endothelial cell density. This specialized microscope allows for an examination of the corneal endothelium, which is the innermost layer of the cornea. The endothelial cells play a crucial role in maintaining corneal transparency and health by regulating fluid exchange and maintaining the proper balance of hydration within the cornea. The ability to measure endothelial cell density is essential since a low density of these cells can indicate conditions such as Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy or other corneal diseases that may lead to corneal swelling or deterioration. Regular monitoring of endothelial cell density can help eye care professionals assess the health of the cornea and plan appropriate treatments. In contrast, measuring corneal curvature is typically done using other instruments like a keratometer or topographer, while assessing intraocular pressure usually requires a tonometer. Evaluating visual acuity is conducted through standard vision tests and not through specular microscopy. Hence, the primary function of a specular microscope distinctly aligns with measuring corneal endothelial cell density.