Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

What is the benefit of adding alkonium chloride to an ophthalmic drug preparation?

1. Acts as a colorant for the drug

2. Acts as a bacteriocidal preservative

3. Enhances drug absorption in the stomach

4. Increases shelf life of the product

The correct answer is: Acts as a bacteriocidal preservative

Adding alkonium chloride to an ophthalmic drug preparation serves primarily as a bacteriocidal preservative. Its role is crucial in preventing microbial contamination, which is particularly important for ophthalmic formulations that are applied to sensitive areas of the body, such as the eyes. This preservative activity helps to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product during its intended use. In ophthalmic applications, maintaining sterility is vital not only to protect the patient but also to ensure the stability of the drug. Bacteriocidal preservatives like alkonium chloride contribute to prolonging the safe use period of the pharmaceutical product once it has been opened or after it has been prepared, mitigating the risks associated with infection or degradation. The other options do not accurately reflect the primary function of alkonium chloride in this context. It does not serve as a colorant, nor does it enhance absorption in the stomach, which is not relevant since ophthalmic preparations are not delivered through that route. While it may have some role in shelf life by preventing microbial growth, this is not its main feature or intended purpose.