Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

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Ciliary and iris sphincter spasm are effects associated with which anti-glaucoma agents?

  1. Sympathomimetics

  2. Indirect acting cholinergic agents

  3. Alpha agonists

  4. Beta agonists

The correct answer is: Indirect acting cholinergic agents

The effects of ciliary and iris sphincter spasm are primarily associated with indirect acting cholinergic agents. These agents work by increasing the availability of acetylcholine, which enhances the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system. This stimulation leads to contraction of the ciliary muscle, promoting accommodation and reducing intraocular pressure by facilitating aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork. Additionally, the iris sphincter muscle contracts, causing miosis or pinpoint pupils. The other options, while they play roles in managing glaucoma, do not induce these specific muscular spasms. Sympathomimetics primarily cause mydriatic effects and can increase intraocular pressure. Alpha agonists can also lead to mydriasis rather than miosis. Beta agonists are involved in reducing aqueous humor production but do not promote the spasm of ciliary or iris muscles. Understanding the mechanisms of these agents helps clarify their therapeutic effects and potential side effects in the management of glaucoma.

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