Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

Which side effect might result from the use of beta-blockers in ocular treatments?

1. Retinal vascular occlusion

2. Pupil dilation

3. Bronchoconstriction

4. Increased ocular pressure

The correct answer is: Bronchoconstriction

The use of beta-blockers in ocular treatments can lead to bronchoconstriction as a side effect, which is particularly relevant for patients with pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Beta-blockers, although primarily used to decrease intraocular pressure in glaucoma management, can have systemic effects due to their ability to block beta-adrenergic receptors. In the respiratory system, blocking these receptors can lead to narrowing of the airways, hence bronchoconstriction occurs. This effect emphasizes the importance of thoroughly reviewing a patient's medical history before prescribing beta-blockers for ocular conditions, ensuring that individuals with a history of respiratory issues are appropriately managed. On the other hand, retinal vascular occlusion is not a direct side effect of beta-blockers, and pupil dilation typically associated with mydriatic medications does not result from beta-blocker use. Additionally, beta-blockers are known to reduce, not increase, intraocular pressure, thus making the notion of increased ocular pressure inaccurate. Understanding these effects is crucial for safely administering beta-blockers in ophthalmic care.