Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

What is an associated risk factor for developing visual field defects related to optic nerve head diseases?

1. High blood pressure

2. Regular exercise

3. High vitamin D levels

4. Low cholesterol

The correct answer is: High blood pressure

High blood pressure is indeed an associated risk factor for developing visual field defects related to optic nerve head diseases. This condition can lead to various ocular problems, including glaucoma and other optic neuropathies, which can result in visual field loss. Elevated blood pressure can contribute to damage to the blood vessels supplying the optic nerve, leading to ischemia (insufficient blood flow) and subsequent visual disturbances. The relationship between hypertension and optic nerve health is well-documented, as sustained high blood pressure may affect the microvascular system, causing changes in the optic nerve head and potentially leading to conditions that compromise visual integrity. In contrast, regular exercise is typically associated with better cardiovascular health and can lower the risk of developing hypertension, thereby providing a protective effect rather than being a risk factor. High vitamin D levels and low cholesterol do not have direct established links to the development of visual field defects associated with optic nerve head diseases. Rather, they might be considered part of a broader discussion on overall health but are not directly implicated as risk factors for visual field loss due to optic nerve issues.