Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

What element is known to add "hardness" to metals used in surgical instruments?

1. Chromium

2. Sulfur

3. Carbon

4. Tungsten

The correct answer is: Carbon

Carbon is known for its ability to increase the hardness of metals, which is particularly important in the manufacturing of surgical instruments. When carbon is added to steel, it forms carbon steel, which exhibits increased tensile strength, hardness, and wear resistance. This enhanced hardness is crucial for surgical tools that need to maintain a sharp edge and withstand the rigorous conditions of repeated use and sterilization. In surgical instruments, harder materials provide better performance, allowing for precise cutting and reduced wear over time. While other elements, such as chromium and tungsten, also contribute to the properties of surgical stainless steel, their primary roles may involve corrosion resistance and toughness rather than hardness alone. Thus, carbon is specifically recognized for its direct impact on enhancing the hardness of metal instruments.