Certified Ophthalmic Medical Technologist (COMT) Practice Exam

Stargardt's dystrophy is categorized under which condition?

1. Inherited retinal dystrophies

2. Acquired retinal disorders

3. Environmental retinal conditions

4. Trauma-induced retinal disorders

The correct answer is: Inherited retinal dystrophies

Stargardt's dystrophy is classified as an inherited retinal dystrophy, primarily because it is a genetic disorder that affects the retina, causing progressive vision loss. This condition is caused by mutations in specific genes, most notably the ABCA4 gene, which is critical for the health and function of photoreceptor cells in the retina. As an inherited condition, it follows specific patterns of transmission, which is a hallmark of genetic disorders. The other categories mentioned do not accurately apply to Stargardt's dystrophy. Acquired retinal disorders typically arise from factors such as systemic diseases, infections, or degenerative conditions acquired later in life rather than inherited from parents. Environmental retinal conditions would involve damage or degeneration of the retina due to external factors, such as exposure to harmful substances or excessive sunlight, which is not the case with Stargardt's dystrophy. Trauma-induced retinal disorders arise from physical injuries to the eye, which is unrelated to the genetic origins of Stargardt's dystrophy. Therefore, classifying Stargardt's dystrophy under inherited retinal dystrophies accurately reflects its etiology and clinical presentation.